Condenser



Dec. 14 19.26. 111110,31?.

F. E. PAYNE: Er AL GONDENSERA Filed March 9, 1925 practice7 alarge number: of .tubes arey as-` Patented Dec. l14:, i* *n y fitr.; Asistencias TooEANEr-eorim contrari?, or' cercado; InnINo1s'A AGon- Y CONDENSERL y `Yminiemenfined iuarthA 9, 1925. [serialNof.,-1jaeci y i Our inventionv relates to improvements in surfacefcondensers andA otherheat exchange apparatus,vv and `more particularly to tubes therefor having renewable ,flaring ends.v

In present condenser' and heat exchanger sembled Aclose together and arranged vso that cooling .WaterVM may be circulated through` the tubes jand hot gases or vapo'rfmay come in contact with the other v side.; Vr'lhispresent practice Withv thin tube sheetsfne'cessarily allows only va limited depth for packing at the ypoint Where the Ytubes project through -the,

Y tube sheets; toV attempt toobtainL .greater quire tube sheets of lgreaterthickness to fal! low deeper stuiing box space. i `vAgainywith` packingi'deptli on tubes ofthe present'types Vof condensersiand'lieatexchangers would ref resent condenser as'sen'ibl ,fem vlo iinmcon- Y l. H

denser tubes which are placed flush With-the f tube sheet, vsuch, tube ends present a sharp circular orifice tothefentrering,` circulating. Water. This sharp entrance orifice .inter-Y' feres greatly with ,the tree, `full 'flow-` of Water.I i-ntovthe tube, and lit is VWellgknown that-whererwaterienterssuch al tube at al high velocity, the entering. Water-has atendencyV to .contract tor.:aslight. distance from ythe entering end, leaving such portion of l the tube partially until-led.v .q'lliisresults in y a reduced` pressure inv s uchfportion of the tube ,and tends 'toattract to such portion'of. the tube any particlesofairfwh-ich 4may bev entraiiied in the .circulating Water, with the result-that thilsportion of the tube Aend fre'- euentlv suffers Vrapid ,deteriorationlotten necessitating 'costly renewal' of the entire tubes.

\` VOne object Iofour invention is toprovide an arrang ment `whereby the packing depth maybe greatlyjincreased.- 4, 1 :Another object of i V nel', shaped enlarged intake `ends, thereby ,facilitating the admission otivater ,into the i' vratus.VV

.A further object to provide the Hflared ends vof the tubes Withope'nings to eliminate the vacuum which tends toltorm andtherefy y l Y .Sheetan' airtightjointisnoaintained i by pro'lonei the life; of. the tubes.

An additional vobject is to provide means`A he iriventiong, resides` in'providingthe tubes With `flaring. or tun; y

lmayloerenewed, thereby eiecting afsaving fot' the larger.portionofftlieoldltube4 The renewableends may' beapplied 'to existing.

types of ckondensers fafter'cuttingf off' fthe 60 'Wornout-ends and Without niateriallyalter- .z'

'ing thetubesheets, orfthey may form' parti of Y initial installation `comprisingQpart; of Van improved tivo-part-` condensertube. l

{.:Other objectsare to provide c'oiistruc tion of this character-.5i ywhereby aliigli vac- 't y ".uum Ymay be maintained', and jthe/ necessary Vexpansion and contraction 'providedfor =With sucht'Wo-part tubes.'

Inthe accompanying dra-Wings, Wefhave ventio'n.n v c improved condenser-tube.l i.

asoniewhat larger.scale.v .l

Fig is another modifieation;"' l i.

` Fig.'54 isa sectionalfelevation of avfurthe'r y Y modiled'renevvable end; a u a y Thefcon'denser. comprises the usual VVend sheets 10, 11', yhaving openings therein for the condenser tubes and y.one for more perforated supportingr plates .12, in an;interme diatef position, [to preventsaggingA of ftli'eg tubes.-

Fig. lis an elevation, partly. injsecton; of Y part .of condenser `showing` one ftormr of4 1l 1 Figs-2 and are modifications thereofon.'

illustrated severalVv vernbodinrients ofrithee in- `r 1" Each 'condenserftiiba iii'the fo'rm'sh'own, i' comprises a two-part constructionfone of I which isa long condensertube 13, Which may. be! practically lthe Ysainealmas"y condenser tubes now' in use,` except that it-v mayl be Y tube sheeti-l l1,.saidopening` kbeing?enlarged and-soreW-threaded to receive the ferrule 15.

Packing is usuallyfconipressedagainst the shoulder in this opening .by .said `ferrule, but .in theypr'esent, casesucli packing is dispensedL with, and th'eigterrule 15V soldered or :tinnel @to tube vl5, or thetubemay/be expandedor 1 rolled. in screw `ierrule-l'5,.vvhereby When f `somewhat shorter.. Sucli ',.tubesl vare made yusually of brass alloy.' y.Each :of said tubes passes. loosely-through. opening "in `the l the ,.fe'rrule `is screwed tightly intoV the tube "The otliereii'd ofthe"condenser'tube con.-

its outer end flared or expanded, as shown f at 17 ,said tubing passing through asuitable opening 18in the'tube sheet 10. This short section is further expanded in opening 18 inV the tube sheet 10.' The inner end of the V'tubing 16 is turned inwardly to form a ing is preferably y'soft' metallicr packing in lthe fornrofan endlessY ring,'or it may be fibrous packing, or a combinatie'n of .the two, depending onthe"` class of service. Where metallic packing is used to prevent electrolysis, the rings are slipped over the tube, 13 (Fig 1)'and thereafter swaged in place yby meansr of Va length of pipe,` tele-v scoping tool, or some lsuitableV swaging tool. As Vthis two-part condenser tube expands ory contracts, lthe larger end 15 thereof canl notfbe drawn inwardly or forced outwardly through tube sheet 10bec'ause` it is secured againstr movement by beingy expandedy in tube sheet1O.` The other end is held to theV tube sheet 11 by the screw-threadedv engagement ,l 30' Of hlferrule 15, which' constitutes,in effect,

an 'integral part of thetube 13. The expansion and contraction is thereforetaken up lin theY slidingjoint provided by the packing.

Cooling water flows through the tubes in the.y direction indicated by the arrows Vin Fig. 2, and the flaring inlet 17 has the effect ofy reducing, to a considerable extent, the tendency of the stream to contract as it enters the tubes, 'thereby reducing the partial vacuum :otherwise formed. 1n addition, the projecting end 17 may be provided with one or more holes or openings 21 therein, which substantially eliminate said partial vacuum by causing the pressure between the inside and outside of the end 17 toy become equalized, and therefore, to a large extent, eliminate the wear due to thel action of the air Von the upper inner surface ofthe tube. The flaring ends also facilitate the gadmi^sion of Y water into the tubes by greatly reducing the friction between the water and the iutake ends of the tubes, thus improving the operation of the apparatus.

f such slight wear astakes place, cont-iniies'for a sufficient time to require renewal of the metal. all that is necessary is to re- `new the Vpart 16.

This may be done by pullingoutthe sectionl, inserting anew section, slipping a packing ring over the end 13`and swaging the packing sufciently to insure a' tight joint. Should Vthe end of .long tube 13 be disintegrated, the short section maybe extended a greater distance throughout the tube sheet 10"to a point on,

tube 13. where the samehas not been affected,

as illustrated in Fig-3.

in v2, one end of the condenserV tube 221s expanded or rolled into a correspondingly shaped opening in thetube' sheet 11. 7

The other end has-'a sliding connection with van l enlarged section, similar in all essential respects tothe renewable section, previously described.v rlhe inner surfacel of the'ftube 16 may be'roughened somewhat byv pressing the metal inwardly in places', vor by ,rolling grooves thereinA shown 'at 23 in Fid. 2

c. Y 1 b -7 the said rougnenedportion serving to preventinoveinentpof thepacking upon expansion ofthe tube. Two .metallic packing rings 2O yare `illustrated in this figure also,

but it will be understood, of course', that' any suitableinimher may be employed in Vconi'ae'ction withany ofthe figures Vdescril'ied herein, and yalso that `fiber expansion members 24, or other types of packing may be employed.

. in Fig. 3,'th`e coi'idenser tube 25 has its end for ,the purpose of illustrating' various lengths that mayV be employed. `It'will'be seenv that by using the loiig'renew'able sections a greaterareal of cooling surfaee is provided; The outer flared end, instead of projecting beyond thetube sheet 10, is' preferably rolled orexpanded into a Vflaring opening in said tube sheet. VPacking rings 28, similar tor those previously described are4 used to form an air tight sliding joint bei tween the larger and smaller tube sections. A'plurality of packing rings'are preferably vemployed in 'this instance, which, when swagedinto .plaeepform anair tight sliding joint., In order to renew this type of condensertu'be, the (sections may be pulled through the respective'openings in sheets/10 and 11. Inlinsta'llingthetwo tubesections,

Ysaid 'sections arev introduced from opposite .ends of the condenser, and tl'iereafter the packing rings'28` are swagedl'inplace, or the two-piece tube may beassenibled, packed and' then placed in the condenser,` after which the ends may' be expanded in tube sheets 10 and 11. 'i

In connectionwith the foregoing renew'- able tube ends, it will be seen' that although alarger hole in the tube sheet 10 is required,

there is room kfor much larger holes eitherV vin the-tube sheets of an existing installation or in the sheetsl of anentirely new condenser,

since theenlarged holes do not require the removal of more'metal than was required in providing the screw-threaded openings, previously employed. Furthermore no ferrules are necessary in this -end of the'condenser so that the expanded ends ofthe tubes maybe fairly closelt'oget'her without inconvenience. j Y

Fig;y l illustrates ,an vadaptation'of our-inllG 'vention to atypical present day structure. The threadsl oftheenlarged portion orfthe`v .opening in the tube sheet maybe removed andV renewable tube .2Q-'expanded' .in-position therein,as shown.vv j The condensertubelSO'is v then positioned and? packing. 31 is .inserted to lmake van: airl tight sliding joint... It. will be'seenthat this construction doesnot weaken Haring .end rofthe ysection `29 vpreven'tsthe de-v thev tube sheet in any., respect, and thatfthe Y terioratin'g effects onythe inner end `of the" tube sheet f rcondenser tubes, as in th-epreviouslydescribed :modifications :In Fig. l'5, .a somewhat:similar-construe; tion is shown comprising a small tube sec'-- tion .SQand a" renewable section 33 with a plurality opackingfrings Se, .having `fiber expansion-rings therebetween, as in yFig. 2.l

"The-smaller tube` in .this case terminates in or near thetubesheet 10, although. itV maybe shorter, `and in order V.toavoid 1an ,abrupt shoulder at the end offsaid .smallerl tube,a iilling ringer arcuatejnozzle 35V maybe inserted havinga tapering jopening therein to provide a smooth contracting nozzle for the'f' Ainflewing water..

v VA funnel shapedgnozzle, :somewhat Vas shown in Fig. 5, maybe usedalso Yin cone Y nection with .the construction illustrated in .the otherigures. For example, in Fig. 2, l y VVhave indicated inV dotted lines such .a .ring

' or, adaptor fwhich lits; within the larger outer tube section and abuts vagainst' the'end of the .smaller-inner tubersection to provide yavailable Vinv the .tube sheet.l As shown". in"

a gradual contractionv ,of the` inner diam-V`r eter of the composite tubethrough which the` water iiows, thereby offering less resistance lto` said Y flow and. minimizing the .tendency to. create a partial,vacuum near the end of said` .inner tube. f.

The. 'available v of condensertubes is comparatively small, v,as will be seen fromV Fig. l.n Condensers Vare usually made with one or more supporting plates l2 between thetube sheets to prevent sive-vibration of thetubes makes it diic'ult to obtain Va tight joint at the ends ofthe tubes, under the old practice.A Wit-h. the im@ n proved construction,'described herein, many ymore ringsy of packing maybe lemployed than would be possible inthe limited space Fig. 2, for example, the thicknessrofjthe packing inthe direction of .the length of the condenser, tube is 4greater than theV entire thickness ofthe tube sheet, thereby makingif it possible .to maintain a tight joint', veven with considerablevibration .of the tubes.` e f Figsfli and `5 also.v show-thicknessesof packing'greatly in excess of what Ywould be and .correspondingly heavy.=

V.and extending espace i'orV packing the ing beyond ,the end of said main t ube.

Various changes maybe madejin vthe ditferent forms. described without departing possibl e.under theold. practice, without 'i finaking the tube fsheets prohibitively ,1. thick 'iii from the spiritof .the inventiomand Yfea.- Y f turesillustratedr 1n connection with one Vform may be used with any of the fcthers,s'uch, for i eXampleasv the holes in thef iiaring intake f endsfwhicli maybe provided in'` all cases?? 1 i wheresaid intake end projects` beyond the i What We claimgas Vnew is:

l. .A condenser :having a-tube sheet-and a' tube-with .a renewable end. saidlrenewable end having a `flaringouter extremity e being secured to said tube ishe'et'andextendingbeyond the end ofl said' tubes:l

j2.fA .condenser having tube sheets, and.; a; tube received within' an ripening-in one-oi i,tube sheets and terminating 'shortoil the other ltube sheet, said tube. having a reey newableend'securedto-said vother tube` sheet ,e beyond the-end of saidjtube.,

and saidothertube sheet.-

Q i. l' 3.,'{A- condenserV comprising a tubesheet and a tube havingaremovable,tiaring liquid intake nd, passing through said tube sheet-j vvand projecting beyondfsaid .tube sheet. l ll.v n Va condenser, atube sheet having an opening thereinior a' condenser tube, said` condenser tube consistingv of twotubes oi'i Viditlierent diameters having their .ends telescoped,o`ne over 'theothen with a clearance space :between said telescoping ends, and

packing'in saidclearance space, wherebyfthe thickness of .the*packing`longitudinally ont s I...

said tubesfmay exceed the packingspace ice available in! the opening in said'tube'sheet,

theV combined llengths of said two tubes in operative assembly being greater than either'V of said tubes. l y

Acondenser. tube having a flaringvtelescoping section to prevent the 'formation ot a partial vacuum adjacentv the intake end thereoi".y

v6. A condenser having a'tubegtherein withV a renewable end, the inner surface of which is exposedtofthe water enteringfsaid tube andfa lmetallic packing` maintainiifig` van airtightjoint between'said tub-e and end.-

Y 7. .In a condensertube,al renewable end having an ,inwardly turned flange at" one yend,and va iiaringopening'atthe otherend.

v8. condenser tubej having a renewable end comprising'a'tube section of larger d1.-`

ameter vthan thefmain tube and'projecting beyond the end thereof, lwith, metallic pack.- ingbetweenf said .tube sectionsf v9:"A conden'fer tube lhaving a renewable .ende comprising; atube section of larger di- Aarneterthan the main' tube, with metallic packing between said tube'sections,the larg'- er sectionhaving a'iiared outer end 10. A condenser tube having a flared outer end with ogenings therethrough outside of the tube sheet to prevent theformation of a partial vacuuin inthe end of said tube.V

ll.V A condenser tube having a terrule'at one end and having a larger renewable tube *section at its other end and extending-beyond Said end.

cured therein and terminating' short orn vthe other tube sheet, and a renewable section pass ingthrough the opening in the other tube lsheet and having an air tight sliding conf nection with lsaidirst tube. Y Y

14.y A condenser comprising tube sheets having openings therein, a condensertube passi-ng through one lof said openings, secured therein andterniinating .short ofthe other tube sheet, and a renewable section 'passand packing. in Said space ngthrough the openingin the other 'tube sheet and havingy an air tight sliding connection with said lirst tube, saidvenlarged lSection having a 'flaring outer end vvithopenings thereinoutside of Said tube'sheet.4 Y

Vl5. A'oondenfger `c,oniprising a tube Sheet 'li'aving YanY opening therein, a tr1be,'a1id a ver'rulel secured 1n said openingnand sur rounding the endV of said tube, said errule havingl aiportion'i spaced troni saidft'ube,

providing a' sliding nir-tight joint.

16, A rcondenser comprising a tube Sheet, A

Ytion surrounding:oneend ofthe tubeL and be# ing Secured. inan opening-in thetube'ehee't, Y

Seid section being providedjwith an' inner" Shoulder, and packing disposed'againstisaid shoulder and between said' tubeV andv section to torin an kair tight Sliding joint.v

in testiniony whereof', we have subscribed e ur naines.

mamen-[PAYNE Y JULIAN N. WALTON. 

